Homo+ergaster

=Homo Ergaster = = =  Two million years ago our ancestors, Homo Ergaster walked on earth. The first Homo Ergaster found was in Africa in 1975. Bernard Ngeneo found KNM ER3733 in Koobi Fora, Kenya, who was a female adult. Her skull is the best preserved skull found. She is 1.75 million years old. KNM ER3733 has not been the only Homo Ergaster found. The Nariokotome Boy was 11-13 years old when he died from blood poisoning. He’s skeleton is 1.5 million years old and is the most complete skeleton found. He was found in 1984 by Alan Walker and Kamoya Kimeu at Nariokotome in West Turkana, Kenya. He died at the size of 5.3 feet but if he had made it to an adult he would of been 6.1 feet. Homo Ergaster lived in South Africa, Tanzania, Kenya, Georgia and Ethiopia. There also spread to Indonesia and Asia i n little colonies. They lived a harsh life. Living in grasslands and in direct sunlight with very little trees for shade and having to fight for territory. Homo Ergaster tended to move a lot they didn’t say in the one place for very long and when they did move they went far away walking long distances. They had pretty demanding lifestyles having to look after their selves from predators.  The average size of an Ergasters brain is 850-910cc ranging from when born to full maturity. Most adolestant’s brain size was about 880cc. An average adult’s brain size is 910cc. A baby Homo Egraster was usually had a underdeveloped brain and their mother had to look after them till they where old enough to look after themselves The social structure of the homo Ergasters would have been more complex if homo Ergaster had a larger brain volume.

 A Ergaster diet consisted of fruit and meat that was scavenged from carcases or small animals that they had hunted. They relied on tools to break food and chipped rock with sharp edges. They fed on milk especially babies as they couldn’t hunt for themselves.

Homo Ergaster walked on all four and did have opposable thumbs, but they couldn’t talk although they were showing signs of speech. The signs of speech were patterns associated with Broca’s speech area. Homo Ergaster didn’t have much control over there breathing and speech. Homo Ergaster used their opposable thumbs to hold tools. They had very good hand-eye co-ordination, precision, dexterity and power grip.  Homo Ergasters were mostly hairless and had dark skin. They walked upright and therefore had smaller pelvis which changed a baby’s brain size at birth. The baby’s brain was smaller so it could fit though the women’s pelvis. Because the baby’s had undeveloped brains, they relieded on their mothers more, grew slower and for a one whole year they had to constantly stay with their mothers. This changed the sexual activity of the males and females. They began to have partners, since the females were unable to fend for food and protect themselves and their baby while the baby was still young Homo Ergaster have no saggittal heal, which is a bony ridge formed by a thickening bone going along the top of the skull, and a thick cranial bone. They have a higher cranial vault and the presence of brow ridges. They had a short face and a external nose that faces down. They have a robust jaw in large individuals and a large mouth. Ergaster had buck teeth, wider teeth towards the back of their mouth and their back premolars are wide from side to side. Each tooth had two roots. Their wisdom teeth were smaller than their other molars. Homo Ergaster has a tall, linear physique body and a large brain. They grow to 1.3 to 1.7 meters tall. Their skeleton is robust but still human and their bodies are smooth. They are also the first to begin sweating, so they can cool their bodies. Homo Ergaster evolved from Homo Habilis and became Homo Erectus. Some people believe that Homo Ergaster and Homo Erectus are the same. By Olivia Allison and Georgia Philpot

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